Isingeniso
Izimoto zikagesi (EVs) bezilokhu zithola ukuduma eminyakeni yamuva nje, njengoba abantu beqaphela kakhulu imvelo futhi befuna ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint yabo. Kodwa-ke, enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ezibhekene nokwamukelwa okusabalele kwama-EV ukutholakala kwengqalasizinda eshajayo. Kanjalo, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokushaja be-EV kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ama-EV aba inketho esebenzayo kumthengi ojwayelekile. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ikusasa lobuchwepheshe bokushaja i-EV, okuhlanganisa ukuthuthuka kwezivinini zokushaja, iziteshi zokushaja, nokushaja okungenantambo.
Isivinini sokushaja
Enye yentuthuko ebaluleke kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bokushaja be-EV ukuthuthukiswa kwezivinini zokushaja. Okwamanje, ama-EV amaningi ashajwa kusetshenziswa amashaja e-Level 2, angathatha noma yikuphi ukusuka emahoreni angu-4-8 ukushaja imoto ngokugcwele, kuye ngosayizi webhethri. Kodwa-ke, kuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe obusha bokushaja obunganciphisa kakhulu izikhathi zokushaja.
Okwethembisa kakhulu kulobu buchwepheshe ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC, okungashaja i-EV kufika ku-80% ngemizuzu engu-20-30. Amashaja asheshayo e-DC asebenzisa i-direct current (DC) ukushaja ibhethri, okuvumela isivinini sokushaja esisheshayo kune-alternating current (AC) esetshenziswa kumashaja eLeveli 2. Ukwengeza, kuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe obusha bebhethri obukwazi ukubhekana nesivinini sokushaja esisheshayo ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni impilo yebhethri.
Obunye ubuchwepheshe obuthembisayo ukushaja okushesha kakhulu, okungashaja i-EV kufika ku-80% ngemizuzu eyi-10-15. Amashaja ashesha kakhulu asebenzisa amazinga aphezulu kagesi e-DC kunamashaja asheshayo e-DC, akwazi ukuletha amandla afinyelela kwangu-350 kW. Kodwa-ke, amashaja ashesha kakhulu asesezigabeni zokuqala zokuthuthuka, futhi kukhona ukukhathazeka ngomthelela walezi zivinini zokushaja eziphezulu esikhathini esiphila kuso ibhethri.
Iziteshi zokushaja
Njengoba ukwamukelwa kwe-EV kuqhubeka nokwanda, kanjalo nesidingo seziteshi zokushaja ezengeziwe. Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ezibhekene nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda yokushaja i-EV izindleko zokufaka nokunakekela iziteshi zokushaja. Kodwa-ke, kunobuchwepheshe obusha obuthile obungasiza ukunciphisa lezi zindleko futhi zenze iziteshi zokushaja zifinyeleleke kalula.
Obunye ubuchwepheshe obunjalo iziteshi zokushaja eziyi-modular, ezingahlanganiswa kalula futhi zihlakazwe njengoba kudingeka. Lezi ziteshi zokushaja zingafakwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokupaka, izindawo zomphakathi, ngisho nezindawo zokuhlala. Ukwengeza, iziteshi zokushaja ze-modular zingahlonyiswa ngamaphaneli elanga nezinhlelo zokugcina ibhethri, ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuthembela kwazo kugridi.
Obunye ubuchwepheshe obuthembisayo ukushaja kwemoto-to-grid (V2G), okuvumela ama-EV ukuthi angagcini ngokudla amandla avela kugridi kodwa futhi abuyisele amandla kugridi. Lobu buchwepheshe bungasiza ekunciphiseni ubunzima kugridi ngesikhathi samahora okufuneka kakhulu futhi bungavumela ngisho nabanikazi be-EV ukuthi bathole imali ngokuthengisa amandla emuva kugridi. Ukwengeza, ukushaja kwe-V2G kungasiza ukwenza iziteshi zokushaja zibe nenzuzo enkulu, okungakhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe kungqalasizinda yokushaja.
Ukushaja okungenantambo
Enye indawo yokuqanjwa kabusha kubuchwepheshe bokushaja be-EV ukushaja okungenantambo. Ukushaja okungenantambo, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukushaja kwe-inductive, kusebenzisa izinkambu ze-electromagnetic ukudlulisa amandla phakathi kwezinto ezimbili. Lobu buchwepheshe sebuvele busetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-smartphone nezixubho zikagesi, futhi manje senziwa ukuthi busetshenziswe kuma-EV.
Ukushaja okungenantambo kwama-EVs kusebenza ngokubeka iphedi yokushaja phansi kanye nephedi yokwamukela ngaphansi kwemoto. Amaphedi asebenzisa izinkambu ze-electromagnetic ukudlulisa amandla phakathi kwazo, ezingashaja imoto ngaphandle kwesidingo sezintambo noma ukuthintana ngokomzimba. Nakuba ukushaja okungenantambo kusesezigabeni zokuqala zokuthuthuka, kunamandla okuguqula indlela esishaja ngayo ama-EV ethu.
Isiphetho
Ikusasa lobuchwepheshe bokushaja be-EV liqhakazile, kunokuthuthuka okuningi emkhathizwe okuzokwenza ukushaja kusheshe, kufinyeleleke kalula, futhi kube lula. Njengoba ukwamukelwa kwe-EV kuqhubeka nokwanda, isidingo sengqalasizinda eshajayo sizoba kuphela
- Okwedlule: Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ishaja ye-EV
- Olandelayo: Amashaja e-EV ahlakaniphile naxhunyiwe