Izilinganiso ze-IP,nomaIzilinganiso Zokuvikela ze-Ingress, isebenza njengesilinganiso sokumelana kwedivayisi ekungeneni kwezinto zangaphandle, okuhlanganisa uthuli, ukungcola, nomswakama. Ithuthukiswe yi-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), le sistimu yokulinganisa isiyindinganiso yomhlaba wonke yokuhlola ukuqina nokuthembeka kwezinto zokusebenza zikagesi. Okuhlanganisa amanani ezinombolo ezimbili, isilinganiso se-IP sinikeza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwamakhono okuvikela edivayisi.
Inombolo yokuqala esilinganisweni se-IP isho izinga lokuzivikela ezintweni eziqinile, njengothuli nemfucumfucu. Idijithi yokuqala ephezulu ibonisa ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kulezi zinhlayiya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inombolo yesibili isho ukumelana kwedivayisi oketshezini, ngevelu ephezulu ebonisa izinga eliphezulu lokuvikela emazingeni omswakama.
Empeleni, isistimu yokulinganisa i-IP inikezela ngendlela ecacile nesezingeni yokuxhumana nokuqina nokuthembeka kwemishini kagesi, okuvumela abathengi nezingcweti zemboni ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngokusekelwe ezimeni ezithile zemvelo lapho idivayisi izosetshenziswa khona. Umgomo ulula: ukuphakama kwesilinganiso se-IP, idivayisi ikwazi ukumelana nezinto zangaphandle, inikeze abasebenzisi ukuzethemba ekusebenzeni kwayo nokuphila isikhathi eside.
(Isilinganiso se-IP esivela ku-IEC)
Ukuqinisekisa ukusimama kweziteshi zokushaja Zemoto Kagesi (EV) kubaluleke kakhulu, izilinganiso ze-IP zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni lezi ngqalasizinda ezibalulekile. Ukubaluleka kwalezi zilinganiso kugqama kakhulu ngenxa yokubekwa ngaphandle kweziteshi zokushaja, okuziveza ezintweni zemvelo ezingalindelekile njengemvula, iqhwa, nezimo zezulu ezimbi. Ukungabi bikho kwesivikelo esanele emswakameni angeke nje kubeke engcupheni ukusebenza kwesiteshi sokushaja kodwa kuphinde kube nezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha.
Cabangela isimo lapho amanzi engena aIsiteshi sokushaja sasekhaya se-EV– isigameko esibonakala singenabungozi esingaba nemiphumela emibi. Ukungena kwamanzi kunamandla okudala izikhindi zikagesi nokunye ukungasebenzi kahle, okuholela ezimeni eziyingozi njengomlilo noma ukucisha ugesi. Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokushesha kwezokuphepha, umthelela ocashile womswakamo udlulela ekonakalisweni kwezingxenye ezibalulekile ngaphakathi kwesiteshi sokushaja. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokubeka engcupheni ukusebenza kahle kwesiteshi kodwa kuhlanganisa nethuba lokulungiswa okumba eqolo noma, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukushintshwa okuphelele.
Emzamweni wokuhamba kukagesi okusimeme nokuthembekile, ukubhekana nokuba sengozini kweziteshi zokushaja ze-EV ezicini zemvelo kubalulekile. Ngokubona indima ebalulekile edlalwa izilinganiso ze-IP ekunciphiseni izingozi, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinyathelo zokuvikela ezithuthukisiwe kuba yisisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside nokuphepha kwalezi ngqalasizinda ezishajayo ezibalulekile. Njengoba uguquko lwembulunga yonke oluya ezimotweni zikagesi lukhula ngesivinini, ukuqina kweziteshi zokushaja lapho kubhekene nezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene kuvela njengokucatshangelwa okubalulekile kokwamukelwa okungenazihibe kwezixazululo zezokuthutha ezivumelana nemvelo.
(Isiteshi sokushaja i-Ampax commercial EV esivela ku-Injet New Energy)
Ukukhetha iziteshi zokushaja ze-EV ezinezinga eliphezulu le-IP kubalulekile. Seluleka ubuncane be-IP54 bokusetshenziswa ngaphandle, ukuvikela othulini nasemvuleni. Ezimweni ezinzima njengeqhwa elikhulu noma umoya onamandla, khetha i-IP65 noma i-IP67. Ikhaya le-Injet New Energy kanye nezohweboAmashaja e-AC(I-Swift/Sonic/I-Cube) sebenzisa isilinganiso esiphezulu se-IP65 esitholakala manje emakethe.IP65inikeza ukuzivikela okuqinile othulini, ukunciphisa izinhlayiya ezingena emishinini. Iphinde ivikele kumajethi amanzi kusuka kunoma iyiphi indlela, iyenze ilungele izindawo eziswakeme. Ukuze ugcine ukuphepha nokwethembeka kuso sonke isimo sezulu, kubalulekile ukuhlanza njalo iziteshi zokushaja. Ukuvimbela udoti njengokungcola, amaqabunga, noma iqhwa ekuvimbeni ukungena komoya kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezulu esingesihle.