Intshayelelo
Njengoko ihlabathi lisiya kwindawo ecocekileyo, ikusasa eliluhlaza, ukuthandwa kwezithuthi zombane (EVs) kukhula ngesantya esingazange sibonwe ngaphambili. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemfuno ekhulayo yee-EVs, isiseko sokutshaja esomeleleyo siyafuneka. Oku kukhokelele ekukhuleni kwabavelisi beetshaja ze-EV kunye nababoneleli kwihlabathi liphela.
Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwesikhululo sokutshaja i-EV kukugcinwa kwezixhobo zokutshaja. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kuqinisekisa ukuba iitshaja zisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokunciphisa ixesha kunye nokuthintela ukulungiswa kweendleko. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxoxa ngeendleko zokugcina iitshaja ze-EV kunye nezinto ezichaphazela iindleko zokugcina.
Iindleko zokuGcinwa kweTshaja ye-EV
Iindleko zokugcina itshaja ye-EV ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka uhlobo lwetshaja, ukuntsokotha kwenkqubo yokutshaja, inani lezikhululo zokutshaja, kunye nobuninzi bokusetyenziswa. Apha, siza kuphonononga nganye kwezi zinto ngokweenkcukacha.
Uhlobo lweTshaja
Uhlobo lwetshaja ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni iindleko zokulondoloza. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeetshaja ze-EV: iNqanaba 1, iNqanaba 2, kunye ne-DC Fast Charging (DCFC).
Iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 lolona hlobo lusisiseko lwetshaja, kwaye ziyilelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwindawo esemgangathweni ye-120-volt yasendlini. Iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 zidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukutshaja ubusuku bonke kwiimoto zombane kwaye zinezinga eliphezulu lokutshaja eliyi-1.4 kilowatts. Iindleko zokugcinwa kweshaja yeNqanaba loku-1 ziphantsi, njengoko kungekho malungu ashukumayo ukuba aguge okanye aphuke.
Iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zinamandla ngakumbi kuneetshaja zeNqanaba loku-1, ezinomlinganiselo omkhulu wokutshaja oyi-7.2 kilowatts. Bafuna i-240-volt yokuphuma kwaye baqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizikhululo zorhwebo kunye neendawo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke. Iindleko zokugcinwa kweshaja yeNqanaba lesi-2 ziphezulu kunezo zeNqanaba loku-1, njengoko kukho amacandelo amaninzi abandakanyekayo, njengentambo yokutshaja kunye nesixhumi.
Izikhululo ze-DC Fast Charging (DCFC) zezona tshaja ze-EV ezinamandla, ezinomlinganiselo wokutshaja ofikelela kuma-350 kilowatts. Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka kwiindawo zokuphumla zikahola wendlela kunye nezinye iindawo apho kufuneka ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Iindleko zokulondolozwa kwesikhululo se-DCFC ziphezulu kakhulu kunezo zeNqanaba loku-1 okanye iNqanaba lesi-2 lokutshaja, njengoko kukho amacandelo amaninzi abandakanyekayo, kubandakanywa amacandelo aphezulu ombane kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa.
Ukuntsonkotha kweNkqubo yokuTjaja
Ubunzima benkqubo yokuhlawula enye into echaphazela iindleko zokulondoloza. Iinkqubo zokutshaja ezilula, ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwiitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1, kulula ukuzigcina kwaye zineendleko zokuzilungisa eziphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo zokutshaja ezintsonkothileyo, ezifana nezo zifunyenwe kwizikhululo ze-DCFC, zifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo kwaye zineendleko eziphezulu zokulondolozwa.
Umzekelo, izikhululo ze-DCFC zineenkqubo zokupholisa ezintsonkothileyo ezifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iitshaja zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, izikhululo ze-DCFC zifuna ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye novavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amacandelo aphezulu-voltage asebenza ngokuchanekileyo.
Inani leZitishi zokuTshaja
Inani lezikhululo zokutshaja likwachaphazela iindleko zolondolozo. Isikhululo sokutshaja esinye sineendleko zokulungisa ezisezantsi kunenethiwekhi yokutshaja enezikhululo ezininzi. Oku kungenxa yokuba uthungelwano lwezikhululo zokutshaja lufuna ukulungiswa nokubekwa esweni ngakumbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba zonke izikhululo zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo
Ukuphindaphinda kokusetyenziswa yenye into echaphazela iindleko zokulondoloza. Izikhululo zokutshaja ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zifuna ukulungiswa okungaphezulu kunezo zisetyenziswa rhoqo. Oku kungenxa yokuba izinto ezikwisikhululo sokutshaja ziphela ngokukhawuleza xa zisetyenziswa rhoqo.
Umzekelo, itshaja yeNqanaba 2 esetyenziswa amatyeli amaninzi ngemini inokufuna ukutshintshwa kweentambo rhoqo kunye nesiqhagamshelanisi kunetshaja esetyenziswa kanye ngemini.
ImiSebenzi yoLondolozo lweeTjaja ze-EV
Imisebenzi yolondolozo efunekayo kwiitshaja ze-EV ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwetshaja kunye nobunzima benkqubo yokutshaja. Nantsi eminye imisebenzi yogcino eqhelekileyo yeetshaja ze-EV:
UHlolo Olubonwayo
Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo rhoqo kubalulekile ukuchonga nawuphi na umonakalo obonakalayo okanye ukunxiba kumacandelo esikhululo sokutshaja. Oku kubandakanya ukujonga iintambo zokutshaja, izihlanganisi, kunye nezindlu zesikhululo sokutshaja.
Ukucoca
Izitishi zokutshaja kufuneka zicocwe rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukucoca iintambo zokutshaja, izihlanganisi, kunye nezindlu zesikhululo sokutshaja. Ukungcola kunye ne-debris kunokuphazamisa inkqubo yokutshaja, ukunciphisa isantya sokutshaja kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ikhebula kunye noTshintsho lweSiqhagamshelo
Iintambo kunye neziqhagamshelo zixhomekeke ekugugile kwaye zinokufuneka zitshintshwe ngamaxesha athile. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa kwiitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 kunye nezikhululo ze-DCFC, ezineenkqubo zokutshaja ezintsonkothileyo. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunokunceda ukuchonga iintambo ezigugileyo okanye ezonakalisiweyo kunye nezihlanganisi ezifuna ukutshintshwa.
Uvavanyo kunye nokuCalibration
Iitshaja ze-EV zifuna uvavanyo rhoqo kunye nohlengahlengiso ukuqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukuvavanya isantya sokutshaja kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ukujonga naziphi na iikhowudi zeempazamo, kunye nokulinganisa amacandelo esikhululo sokutshaja njengoko kufuneka.
Uhlaziyo lweSoftware
Iitshaja ze-EV zinesoftware efuna uhlaziyo rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlaziya i-firmware, abaqhubi besoftware, kunye nesoftware yolawulo lwesikhululo sokutshaja.
ULondolozo oluThintelayo
Ukugcinwa kothintelo kubandakanya ukwenza imisebenzi yolondolozo rhoqo ukuthintela ukonakaliswa kwezixhobo kunye nokwandisa ubomi besikhululo sokutshaja. Oku kubandakanya ukutshintshwa kwezinto ezigugileyo okanye ezonakalisiweyo, ukucoca isikhululo sokutshaja, kunye nokuvavanya isantya sokutshaja kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Imiba echaphazela iiNdleko zoLondolozo
Ukongeza kuhlobo lweshaja, ubunzima benkqubo yokutshaja, inani lezikhululo zokutshaja, kunye nokuphindaphinda kokusetyenziswa, kukho ezinye izinto ezichaphazela iindleko zokugcinwa kweeshaja ze-EV. Ezi ziquka:
Iwaranti
Iwaranti enikezelwa ngumenzi wetshaja ingaba nefuthe kwiindleko zokugcinwa. Iitshaja eziphantsi kwewaranti zinokuba neendleko eziphantsi zokuyilungisa njengoko ezinye iinxalenye zinokuhlawulwa phantsi kwewaranti.
Ubudala beTshaja
Iitshaja ezindala zinokufuna ukulungiswa okungaphezulu kuneetshaja ezintsha. Oku kungenxa yokuba iitshaja ezindala zinokunxiba kunye nokukrazuka okuninzi kumalungu, kwaye iindawo ezitshintshileyo kunokuba nzima ukuzifumana.
Indawo yeTshaja
Indawo yesikhululo sokutshaja nayo inokuchaphazela iindleko zokusilungisa. Iitshaja ezibekwe kwindawo ezingqongileyo ezirhabaxa, ezifana neendawo ezingaselunxwemeni okanye iindawo ezinobushushu obugqithisileyo, zinokufuna ukulungiswa okungaphezulu kunezo zikwimo epholileyo.
UMboneleli weSondlo
Umboneleli wesondlo okhethiweyo unokuchaphazela neendleko zokugcina. Ababoneleli abahlukeneyo banikezela ngeepakethi ezahlukeneyo zokulondoloza, kwaye iindleko zinokuhluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lenkonzo enikeziweyo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuqukumbela, iindleko zokugcina iitshaja ze-EV zixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa uhlobo lwetshaja, ubunzima benkqubo yokutshaja, inani lezikhululo zokutshaja, kunye nokuphindaphinda kokusetyenziswa. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba izikhululo zokutshaja zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zinciphisa umngcipheko wokunciphisa ixesha kunye nokulungiswa kweendleko. Ngelixa iindleko zokulondolozwa zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezixoxwe ngasentla, ukugcinwa kothintelo kunokuncedisa ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kwazo zonke kunye nokwandisa ubomi bezikhululo zokutshaja. Ngokuqonda iindleko zokugcinwa kunye nezinto ezichaphazela ezi ndleko, abaqhubi beshaja be-EV banokuqinisekisa ukuba izikhululo zabo zokutshaja zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangeendleko ezifanelekileyo, ezixhasa imfuno ekhulayo yezithuthi zombane.
- Ngaphambili: Esona sikhokelo sokuTshaja i-EV yakho ekhaya
- Okulandelayo: Ezona ziTrendi eziphezulu ze-EV Charger ngo-2023