Likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs) li potlakela ho fetoha mokhoa o mong o tummeng ho feta likoloi tse tloaelehileng tsa khase ka lebaka la bokhoni ba tsona, litšenyehelo tse tlaase tsa ts'ebetso, le ho fokotsa khase ea khabone. Leha ho le joalo, ha batho ba bangata ba reka li-EV, tlhoko ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV e ntse e hola. Sengoliloeng sena, re tla hlahloba litharollo tsa ho tjhaja EV linaheng tse fapaneng, liphephetso tsa bona, le litharollo tse sebelisoang ho li rarolla.
amerika e leboea
United States le Canada li 'nile tsa e-ba ka pele ho indasteri ea EV,' me Tesla e le moetsi ea hlahelletseng ka ho fetisisa oa EV. United States, lik'hamphani tse 'maloa li hlahile ho fana ka tharollo ea ho tjhaja EV, ho kenyeletsoa ChargePoint, Blink, le Electrify America. Likhamphani tsena li thehile marang-rang a liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tse potlakileng tsa Level 2 le DC naheng ka bophara, li fana ka tharollo ea ho lefisa li-EV tsa botho le tsa khoebo.
Canada e ntse e tsetela meahong ea EV, 'me mmuso oa koporasi o fana ka lichelete ho ts'ehetsa ho kengoa ha liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV ho pholletsa le naha. Mmuso wa Canada o ikemiseditse ho ba le 100% ya dikoloi tse ntjha tsa baeti tse rekiswang naheng ena e be dikoloi tse sa lahleng mosi ka selemo sa 2040. Ho fihlela sepheo sena, mmuso o thehile Lenaneo la Dikoloi tsa Zero-Emission Vehicle Infrastructure ho tshehetsa ho romelwa ha meralo ya motheo e tjhajang EV setjhabeng. libaka, ho kenyeletsoa libaka tsa ho paka makoloi, libaka tsa mosebetsi, le meaho e nang le meaho e mengata ea bolulo.
Europe
Europe e bile moetapele oa ho amoheloa ha EV, ha Norway e le naha e nang le liperesente tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa li-EV tseleng. Ho latela International Energy Agency, Europe e bile karolo ea 40% ea thekiso ea EV ea lefats'e ka 2020, 'me Jeremane, Fora le United Kingdom li etelletse pele.
Ho tshehetsa kgolo ya indasteri ya EV, European Union (EU) e thehile Connecting Europe Facility (CEF), e fanang ka ditjhelete bakeng sa ntshetsopele ya meralo ya motheo e lefisang EV ho phatlalla le kontinente. CEF e ikemiselitse ho ts'ehetsa ho romelloa ha libaka tsa ho tjhaja tse fetang 150,000 ho pholletsa le EU ka 2025.
Ntle le CEF, lik'hamphani tse 'maloa tse ikemetseng li hlahile ho fana ka tharollo ea ho tjhaja EV ho pholletsa le Europe. Ka mohlala, Ionity, e leng khoebo e kopanetsoeng pakeng tsa BMW, Daimler, Ford, le Volkswagen Group, e ikemiselitse ho haha marang-rang a liteishene tse 400 tsa ho tjhaja matla a phahameng ho pholletsa le Europe ka 2022. Likhamphani tse ling, tse kang Allego, EVBox, le Fastned, li se li hape e ntse e tsetela ho lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV ho pholletsa le kontinente.
Asia-Pacific
Asia-Pacific ke se seng sa libaka tse ntseng li hola ka potlako bakeng sa ho amoheloa ha EV, 'me China e le' maraka o moholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng oa EV. Ka 2020, China e ne e ikarabella ho feta 40% ea thekiso ea EV ea lefats'e, e nang le baetsi ba 'maloa ba Machaena ba EV, ho kenyeletsoa BYD le NIO, ba hlahang e le libapali tse kholo indastering.
Ho tšehetsa kholo ea indasteri ea EV, mmuso oa Chaena o thehile Morero o Mocha oa Ntlafatso ea Indasteri ea Likoloi tsa Motlakase, oo sepheo sa oona e leng hore 20% ea thekiso eohle ea likoloi tse ncha e be likoloi tse ncha tsa motlakase ka 2025. Ho finyella sepheo sena, mmuso esale o tsetela. haholo lits'ebetsong tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV, tse nang le liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa sechaba tse fetang 800,000 tse kentsoeng naheng ka bophara.
Japane le Korea Boroa le tsona li 'nile tsa tsetela ho thepa ea thepa ea EV,' me linaha ka bobeli li ikemiselitse ho ba le karolo e kholo ea thekiso ea likoloi tse ncha ka 2030. Japane, 'muso o thehile EV Towns Initiative, e fanang ka lichelete ho mebuso ea libaka ho khothalletsa ho kenngoa ha liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV. Korea Boroa, mmuso o thehile 'Mapa oa Likoloi tsa Motlakase, o ikemiselitseng ho kenya liteishene tsa tjhaja tsa 33,000 EV naheng ka bophara ka 2022.
Mathata le Litharollo
Leha ho na le kholo ea indasteri ea EV le matsete a lits'ebetso tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV, mathata a 'maloa a ntse a le teng. E 'ngoe ea liqholotso tse kholo ke ho haella ha li-protocol tse tloaelehileng tsa ho tjhaja, tse ka thatafalletsang beng ba EV ho fumana seteishene sa ho tjhaja se lumellanang. Ho rarolla phephetso ena, mekhatlo e mengata, ho kopanyelletsa le International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) le Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), e thehile litekanyetso tsa machaba tsa ho lefisa EV, tse kang CCS (Combined Charging System) le CHAdeMO protocol.
Phephetso e 'ngoe ke litšenyehelo tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV, tse ka bitsang chelete e ngata haholo bakeng sa lik'hamphani le mebuso e meng. Ho rarolla phephetso ena, ho hlahile litharollo tse 'maloa, ho kenyeletsoa litšebelisano tsa sechaba le tsa poraefete le tšebeliso ea mehloli ea matla a tsosolositsoeng ho fehla liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV. Ka mohlala, lik’hamphani tse ling li sebelisane le mebuso ho fana ka liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV libakeng tsa sechaba, ’me ’muso o fana ka lichelete bakeng sa ho kenya le ho hlokomela liteishene.
Ho feta moo, tšebeliso ea mehloli ea matla a tsosolositsoeng, e kang matla a letsatsi le a moea, ho matlafatsa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV e se e tumme haholo. Sena ha se fokotse feela khabone ea ho tjhaja EV empa hape se ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa motlakase ho beng ba EV. Maemong a mang, liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ho boloka matla a mangata a ka nchafatsoang, a ka sebelisoang ho matlafatsa grid nakong ea tlhokeho e phahameng.
Qetello
Indasteri ea EV e ntse e hola ka potlako, 'me tlhoko ea tharollo ea ho tjhaja EV e ntse e eketseha. Mebuso, lik'hamphani tsa poraefete, le batho ka bomong kaofela ba tsetela ho meaho ea litefiso ea EV ho ts'ehetsa kholo ea indasteri. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le liqholotso tse 'maloa, ho kenyelletsa le khaello ea liprothokholo tse tloaelehileng tsa ho tjhaja le litšenyehelo tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV. Ho rarolla liqholotso tsena, ho hlahile litharollo tse kang litšebelisano tsa sechaba le tsa poraefete le tšebeliso ea mehloli ea matla a ka nchafatsoang.
E le k'hamphani e etsang lipatlisiso, e ntlafatsang le ho hlahisa li-chaja tsa EV, Sichuan Weiyu Electric Co., Ltd. e ka bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho tšehetsa kholo ea indasteri ea EV. Ka ho fana ka litharollo tsa boleng bo holimo, tse ka tšeptjoang, le tse theko e tlaase tsa ho tjhaja EV, k'hamphani e ka thusa ho sebetsana le mathata a tobaneng le indasteri le ho kenya letsoho phetohong ea mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa lipalangoang.
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