Mangani ekuchaja Connector Standards pasi rose?

Zviripachena, BEV ndiyo muitiro weinjiniya yemagetsi matsva .Sezvo nyaya dzebhatiri dzisingagone kugadziriswa munguva pfupi, zvivakwa zvekuchaja zvakashongedzerwa zvakanyanya kupenengura kunetseka kwevaridzi vemotokari. ,inosiyana kubva kunyika ,yanga yatotarisana nemamiriro ekurwisana kwakananga. Pano, tinoda kugadzirisa zviyero zvekubatanidza pasi rose.

Combo

Combo inobvumira kuchaja zvishoma nezvishoma uye nekukurumidza, ndiyo socket inonyanya kushandiswa muEurope, inosanganisira Audi, BMW, Chrysler, Daimler, Ford, GM, Porsche, Volkswagen ine SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) yekuchaja interface.

Pa2^ndGumiguru, 2012, iyo SAE J1772 reversion iyo yakavhoterwa nenhengo dzakakodzera dzekomiti yeSAE, inova ndiyo yega yakajairwa DC yekuchaja mwero pasi rose. Kubva pane yakadzokororwa edition yeJ1772, Combo Connector ndiyo musimboti mwero weDC yekuchaja nekukurumidza.

Iyo yakapfuura vhezheni (yakagadzirwa mu2010) yeiyi chiyero yakatsanangudza iyo J1772 yekubatanidza inoshandiswa ku AC kuchaja. Ichi chibatanidza chave chichishandiswa zvakanyanya, chinoenderana neNissan Leaf, Chevrolet Volt uye Mitsubishi i-MiEV.Kunyange zvazvo shanduro itsva, kunze kwekuve nemabasa ose ekare, ane mapini maviri, ayo anonyanya kubhadharisa DC nokukurumidza, haigoni kuva. inoenderana nemaBEV ekare anogadzirwa izvozvi.

Advantage: iyo yakakura benifit yeCombo Connector ndeye automaker inongoda adpat socket imwe inokwanisa kune ese DC uye AC, ichichaja nekumhanya maviri akasiyana.

Zvakaipa: Kurumidza kuchaja modhi inoda chiteshi chekuchaja kuti ipe kusvika ku500 V uye 200 A.

Tesla

Tesla ine yayo yekuchaja mwero, iyo inoti inogona kubhadharisa kupfuura 300 KM mumaminetsi makumi matatu. Naizvozvo, huwandu hwepamusoro hwechigadziko chayo chekuchaja hunogona kusvika kusvika 120kW, uye iyo yakanyanya ikozvino 80A.

Tesla ine 908 seti yepamusoro yekuchaja zviteshi muUS parizvino. Kupinda mumusika weChina, Ine 7sets Super yekuchaja zviteshi zviri muShanghai (3), Beijing (2), Hangzhou (1), Shenzhen (1). Kunze kwezvo, Kuti ibatanidze zvirinani nematunhu, Tesla inoronga kusiya kudzora zviyero zvayo zvekuchaja uye kutora zviyero zvemuno, inotoita muChina.

Advantage: tekinoroji yepamberi ine yakakwirira yekuchaja kunyatsoita.

Zvakaipa: Zvichipesana nezvinodiwa nenyika imwe neimwe, zvakaoma kuwedzera kutengesa pasina kukanganisa;kana zvibvumirano, kukwanisa kuchaja kuchadzikiswa.Vari mudambudziko.

CCS (Combined Charging System)

Ford, General Motors, Chrysler, Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen nePorsche yakatanga "Combined Charging System" muna 2012 mukuedza kushandura maitiro anovhiringidza ekuchaja zviteshi. "Combined Charging System" kana inozivikanwa seCCS.

CCS yakabatana ese aripo ekuchaja maficha, neiyi nzira, inogona kuchaja chikamu chimwe chete ac kuchaja, kukurumidza 3 phase ac kuchaja, pekugara kushandisa DC kuchaja uye super-inokurumidza DC kuchaja ine imwe interface.

Kunze kweSAE, ACEA (European Automobile Manufacturers Association) yatora CCS seDC/AC yekuchaja interface zvakare. Inoshandiswa kune PEV yose muEurope kubva mugore re 2017. Sezvo Germany neChina zvakabatanidza mitemo yemotokari yemagetsi, China yakabatanidzwa muhurongwa uhu zvakare, yakapa mikana isina kumboitika yeChinese EV. ZINORO 1E,Audi A3e-tron, BAIC E150EV, BMW i3, DENZA,Volkswagen E-UP, Changan EADO uye SMART ese ndeemuyero we "CCS".

Advantage : 3 German automakers :BMW, Daimler neVolkswagen -- vachawedzera mari yavo muChinese EV, CCS zviyero zvinogona kubatsira zvakanyanya kuChina.

Zvakaipa: kutengesa kweEV iyo inotsigirwa neCCS chiyero idiki kana kungouya pamusika.

CHAdeMO

CHAdeMO ndiyo chidimbu cheCharge de Move, ndiyo socket inotsigirwa neNissan neMitsubishi. ChAdeMO yakashandurwa kubva kuJapan, zvinoreva "Kuita kuti nguva yekuchaja ive pfupi sekuzorora kwetii". Iyi DC inokurumidza-charge socket inogona kupa yakakura 50KW yekuchaja huwandu.

MaEV anotsigira iyi chiyero chekuchaja anosanganisira: Nissan Leaf, Mitsubishi Outlander PEV, Citroen C-ZERO, Peugeot Ion, Citroen Berlingo, Peugeot Partner, Mitsubishi i-MiEV, Mitsubishi MINICAB-MiEV, Mitsubishi MINICAB-MiEV rori, Honda FIT EV, Maz. DEMIOEV, Subaru Stella PEV, Nissan Eev200 etc. Ziva kuti Nissan Leaf neMitsubishi i-MiEV zvese zvine socket yekuchaja mbiri, imwe iJ1772 iri Combo connector muchikamu chekutanga, imwe yacho CHAdeMO.

CHAdeMO yekuchaja nzira inoratidzwa senge pazasi mufananidzo, yazvino inodzorwa neCAN bhazi chiratidzo. Kureva kuti, paunenge uchitarisa mamiriro ebhatiri, verenga ikozvino iyo charger inoda munguva chaiyo uye kutumira zviziviso kune charger kuburikidza neCAN, iyo charger inogamuchira murairo wezvino kubva kumota nekukasira, uye inopa yekuchaja izvozvi.

Kuburikidza nebhatiri manejimendi system, mamiriro ebhatiri anotariswa nepo ikozvino ichidzorwa munguva chaiyo, iyo inozadzisa zvizere mabasa anodiwa nekukurumidza uye yakachengeteka kuchaja, uye inova nechokwadi chekuti kuchaja hakudzivirirwe nekusiyana kwebhatiri. Kune 1154 yekuchaja chiteshi inouya kuzoshandisa iyo yakaiswa zvinoenderana neCHAdeMO muJapan. CHAdeMO zviteshi zvekuchaja zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muUS zvakare, kune 1344 AC inokurumidza kuchaja chiteshi zvinoenderana neazvino data kubva kuUS Dhipatimendi reMagetsi.

Kubatsira: Kunze kwemitsara yekudzora data, CHAdeMO inotora bhazi reCAN seyekutaurirana, nekuda kwepamusoro-soro yekurwisa ruzha uye kugona kukuru kwekuona kukanganisa, ndeyekutaurirana kwakagadzikana uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya. Yayo yakanaka yekuchaja yekuchengetedza rekodhi yakazivikanwa neindasitiri.

Zvakaipa: dhizaini yekutanga kwesimba rinobuda i100KW, plug yekuchaja inorema kwazvo, simba riri padivi remota rinongori 50KW.

GB/T20234

China yakaburitsa maPlugs, Socket-outlets, macouplers emota uye mapinda emotokari ekuchajisa mota dzemagetsi-Zvakawanda zvinodiwa muna 2006(GB/T20234-2006), chiyero ichi chinotsanangura nzira yekubatanidza mhando dze16A,32A,250A AC kuchaja ikozvino uye 400A DC yekuchaja ikozvino Inonyanya kuenderana neyakajairwa yeInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) mu2003. Asi chiyero ichi hachitsanangure huwandu hwemapini ekubatanidza, saizi yemuviri uye chimiro cheiyo yekuchaja interface.

Muna 2011, China yakaburitsa yakakurudzirwa standard GB/T20234-2011, yakatsiva zvimwe zviri mukati meGB/T20234-2006, inotaura kuti AC rated voltage haifaniri kudarika 690V, frequency 50Hz, yakayerwa ikozvino haingapfuuri 250A; Rated DC voltage haifaniri kudarika 1000V uye yakayerwa ikozvino haifaniri kudarika 400A.

Kubatsira: Enzanisa ne2006 Vhezheni GB/T, yakarongedza mamwe madhairekitori ekuchajisa interface paramita.

Kukanganisa: chiyero hachisati chakwana. Chiyero chinokurudzirwa, kwete chekumanikidza.

New Generation "Chaoji" Kuchaja System

Muna 2020, China Electric Power Council neChibvumirano cheCHAdeMO vakabatana vakatanga tsvakiridzo yenzira yekuvandudza maindasitiri ye "Chaoji" uye zvakateerana vakaburitsa White Paper pa "Chaoji" Conductive Charging Technology yeMagetsi Vehicles uye iyo CHAdeMO 3.0 standard.

"Chaoji" yekuchaja system inogona kuenderana kune vese vakuru uye ichangobva kugadzirwa EV. Yakagadziridzwa hurongwa hutsva hwekutonga uye kutungamira wedunhu, yakawedzera iyo yakaoma node chiratidzo, kana kukanganisa kukaitika, semaphore inogona kushandiswa kukurumidza kuzivisa imwe magumo kuita mhinduro nekukurumidza munguva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedza kwekuchaja. Gadzira modhi yekuchengetedza iyo yese sisitimu, Gadzirisa insulation yekutarisa kuita, yakatsanangura nhevedzano yenyaya dzekuchengetedza senge I2T, Y capacitance, PE conductor kusarudzwa, yakanyanya kupfupi wedunhu simba uye PE waya yekupwanya. Zvichakadaro, akaongororazve uye akagadziridza iyo thermal manejimendi system, yakakurudzira nzira yekuyedza yekuchaja yekubatanidza.

Iyo "Chaoji" yekuchajisa interface inoshandisa 7-pini yekupedzisira kumeso dhizaini ine voltage inosvika 1000 (1500) V uye yakanyanya ikozvino ye600A. Iyo "Chaoji" yekuchaja interface yakagadzirirwa kuderedza hukuru hwese, optimize kushivirira uye kuderedza saizi yemagetsi kuti isangane neIPXXB kuchengetedza zvinodiwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, dhizaini yegwaro rekupinza remuviri rinodzika kudzika kwekupinza kwemberi kwesoketi, zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zve ergonomics.

"Chaoji" yekuchaja sisitimu haingori yakakwira-simba yekuchaja interface, asi seti yeakarongeka DC yekuchaja mhinduro dzeEVs, kusanganisira kutonga uye kutungamira dunhu, kutaurirana protocol, dhizaini uye kuenderana kwemidziyo yekubatanidza, kuchengetedzwa kwechaji system, thermal manejimendi pasi. high-power condition, etc "Chaoji" charging system ipurojekiti yakabatana yepasirese, kuitira kuti mota yemagetsi yakafanana munyika dzakasiyana ishandiswe kune yekuchaja system yenyika dzinoenderana.

Mhedziso

Mazuva ano, nekuda kwekusiyana kwemhando dzeEV, zviyero zvinoshanda zvekuchaja zvakasiyana, imwe mhando yekuchaja yekubatanidza haigone kusangana nemhando dzese. Pamusoro pezvo, tekinoroji yemotokari dzemagetsi matsva ichiri munzira yekukura. Zviteshi zvekuchaja uye masystem ekuchaja ekubatanidza emabhizinesi mazhinji ekugadzira mota achiri kutarisana nematambudziko akadai seasina kugadzikana chigadzirwa dhizaini, njodzi dzekuchengetedza, kubhadharisa zvisina kujairika, kusapindirana kwemotokari uye zviteshi, kushomeka kweyedzo miyero nezvimwe mukushanda kunoshanda uye kuchembera kwezvakatipoteredza.

Mazuva ano, vanogadzira mota pasirese vakaziva zvishoma nezvishoma kuti "standard" ndiyo chinhu chakakosha pakuvandudzwa kweEVs. Mumakore achangopfuura, miitiro yekuchaja yepasirese yachinja zvishoma nezvishoma kubva ku "diversification" kuenda ku "centralization". Nekudaro, kuti uwane zvechokwadi yakabatana yekuchaja mwero, pamusoro peiyo interface zviyero, ikozvino kutaurirana zviyero zvinodiwa zvakare. Iyo yekutanga ine hukama nekuti mubatanidzwa unokwana here kana kuti kwete, nepo iyo yekupedzisira inokanganisa kana plug inogona kupihwa simba kana yaiswa. Pachine nzira refu yekuchaja miyero yeEVs isati yakwana, uye vagadziri vemotokari nehurumende vanofanirwa kuita zvakawanda kuvhura chimiro chavo kuita kuti maEV agare kwenguva refu. Zvinotarisirwa kuti China semutungamiri kusimudzira "Chaoji" conductive kuchaja tekinoroji standard yeEVs ichaita basa rakakura mune ramangwana.