Nekukura kwemuridzi wemotokari nyowani dzesimba, muridzi wemirwi yekuchaja ichawedzerawo, ine coefficient coefficient ye0.9976, inoratidza kuwirirana kwakasimba. Musi waGunyana 10, China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance yakaburitsa data rekuchaja murwi muna Nyamavhuvhu. Iyo data yakaratidza 34,400 mamwe veruzhinji kuchaja mirwi muna Nyamavhuvhu 2021 kupfuura muna Chikunguru 2021, yakakwira 66.4% gore-pagore muna Nyamavhuvhu.
Panyaya yedata, iyo yenyika yekuchaja murwi data iri kukura nekukurumidza. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, China Hubei Province Energy Bureau yakapa "itsva yemagetsi mota yekuchaja zvivakwa mudunhu reHubei matanho enguva yekutonga kwekushanda, inoiswa pamberi, nzvimbo yekugara yekugara yekupaka, nzvimbo dzemukati dzekupaka, nzvimbo dzekupaka veruzhinji, mugwagwa mukuru uye yakajairwa provincial trunk road service area, nezvimwewo, inofanirwa kuenderana nekugadziriswa kwesimba idzva remagetsi ekuchaja zvivakwa, Pakati pavo, 100% yezvichangobva kuvakwa zvekugara Nzvimbo dzekupaka dzinofanirwa kuve dzakashongedzerwa nekuchaja zvivakwa kana kuisirwa mamiriro ekuchaja zvivakwa zvinofanirwa kuchengetwa. .
Hazvinei nekudiwa kwechokwadi kana rutsigiro rwemitemo, indasitiri yekuchaja mirwi yeChina yakawana rutsigiro rusati rwamboitika.
Tarisiro yekuchaja chiteshi
Kubva 2017, China yave mutengesi mukuru wepasi rose wemafuta asina kuchena, achitsamira pamusoro pe70% pamafuta ekunze. Kushomeka kwezviwanikwa uye kusvibiswa kwetsvina kwakaita kuti ive chinangwa chikuru chekusimudzira simba reChina kutsvaga mamwe magetsi.
Kuongorora kuvandudzwa kwemapiru ekuchaja muChina, Muna Chivabvu 2014, State Grid yeChina yakavhura musika wekuchaja nekuchinja mashandiro ekushandisa. Muna 2015, hurumende yakapa rubatsiro kuvakwa kwekuchaja mirwi, uye mari yega yega yakatanga kudirana mukati. Muna 2017, nekuda kwekushomeka kwekushandisa kwekuchaja mirwi, mabhizinesi ekushanda akarasikirwa, kufarira kwemari kwakatanga kuderera, uye kufambira mberi kwekuvaka kwakadzikira. Muna Kurume 2020, Komiti Yakamira yePolitical Bureau yeCPC Central Committee yakaronga mirwi yekuchaja sezvirongwa zvitsva zvezvivakwa, izvo zvakaunza kusimba kusati kwamboitika. Pakupera kwa2020, huwandu hwese hwekuchaja mirwi muChina hwakange hwasvika 1.672 miriyoni mayunitsi, kumusoro 36.7% gore negore, nekukura kwechikamu che69.2% mumakore mana apfuura.
Zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yekuisirwa, mirwi yekuchaja inogona kukamurwa kuita mirwi yekuchaja yeruzhinji, yakakosha mirwi yekuchaja uye yakavanzika yekuchaja mirwi. Kuzvitaura zviri nyore, mirwi yekuchaja yeruzhinji inovakwa munzvimbo dzekupaka dzeveruzhinji kuti dzipe veruzhinji mabasa ekuchaja mota dzemagariro. Bato rekuvaka rinonyanya kubhadharisa vanochaja mirwi, kunyanya kuburikidza nekubhadharisa magetsi, mari yebasa kuti uwane mari, inononoka murwi uye inokurumidza murwi zvese. Mirwi yekuchaja yakavanzika inovakwa munzvimbo dzekupaka dzepachivande (magaraji) kupa kubhadharisa varidzi vemotokari. Mirwi yekuchaja inononoka inonyanya kushandiswa kuchaja husiku hwemazuva ese, iyo inongosanganisira magetsi uye ine mutengo wakaderera wekuchaja. Iyo yakakosha yekuchaja murwi ndeye bhizinesi yega yekupaka (garaji), iyo inoshandiswa nevashandi vemukati vebhizinesi, kusanganisira mabhazi, mota dzekutakura uye mamwe mamiriro ekushanda. Zvese zviri zviviri zvinononoka kuchaja murwi uye murwi wekuchaja nekukurumidza anoshandiswa.
Zvinoenderana neyakagadzika nzira dzekuchaja, mirwi yekuchaja inogona kukamurwa kuita maDC piles, AC piles, kuchinja zviteshi uye isina waya yekuchaja, ayo maDC piles uye AC piles ndiwo makuru. Ac pile, inonziwo inononoka kuchaja murwi, yakabatana neiyo AC magetsi grid uye inongopa simba rekubuda pasina kuchaja basa. Inoda kuchaja mota yemagetsi kuburikidza nechaja yemotokari, ine simba rakaderera uye inononoka kuchaja. Iyo DC murwi, inonziwo kukurumidza kuchaja murwi, yakabatana neiyo AC magetsi gidhi, uye inobuda inochinjika DC simba, iyo inochaja bhatiri remagetsi emagetsi emagetsi nekukurumidza.
Sekureva kweChina Charging Alliance (EVCIPA), ruzhinji rwekuchaja mirwi muChina ndeyekushandisa wega. China yakaona kukurumidza kukurumidza kwehuwandu hwekuchaja mapiles kubva 2016 kusvika 2020, achiverengera makumi mashanu neshanu muzana eese ekuchaja mirwi muna 2020. Muna 2020, kune angangoita mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe emadhora eDC uye 498,000 AC mirwi mumusika weChina wekuchaja. Panyaya yemugove wemusika, ac piles akaverengera 61.7%, uye DC mirwi yakaverengera 38.3%.
Tarisa pane kutungamira kweindasitiri cheni
Kumusoro kwe ev kuchaja murwi indasitiri cheni zvinhu uye vagadziri vemidziyo, izvo zvinopa midziyo inodiwa pakuvaka uye kushanda kwemurwi wekuchaja uye chiteshi chekuchaja. Semushandisi wekuchaja uye mupi wemhinduro yese, Midstream ine basa rekuvaka nekushanda mapiru ekuchaja uye zviteshi zvekuchaja, ichipa kubhadharisa murwi nzvimbo sevhisi uye basa rekubhadhara rekubhadhara, kana kupa kuchaja murwi wekuita manejimendi chikuva uye mhinduro.
Izvo zvikamu zvekumusoro zvinotarisa kune IGBT zvikamu zvine yakakwira tekinoroji zvemukati. Nekuda kwekuomerwa kwakanyanya kwekugadziriswa kwezvikamu zveIGBT, maChina eDC ekuchaja mirwi vanogadzira vanonyanya kuvimba nekutenga kunze kwenyika izvozvi. Makambani ekunze anovandudza IGBT zvikamu zvinonyanya kusanganisira Infineon, ABB, Mitsubishi, Simon, Toshiba, Fuji uye zvichingodaro. Parizvino, iyo yenzvimbo yekutsiva iri kukurumidza, huahong semiconductor, Star semiconductor uye mamwe mabhizinesi emuno anotungamira tekinoroji, akakodzera kuteedzera. Guodian Nanrui ndiye mutengesi mukuru wemidziyo yeThe State Grid system, inodzorwa neState Grid. Kurongeka kwayo mumunda wekumusoro kunofanirwawo kutariswa. Muna 2019, kambani yakazivisa kuisa mari pamwe chete uye kumisikidza Nangrui Lianyan Power Semiconductor Co., LTD nelianyan Research Institute, sainzi yekutsvagisa sangano yakananga pasi peState Grid, yakatarisana neiyo IGBT module maindasitiri chirongwa, uye yatanga kutyaira 1200V/ 1700V IGBT yakabatana zvigadzirwa.
Kubva pamaonero evashandisi vepakati, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekuchaja mirwi uye vhoriyamu yekuchaja, Iyo subsidiary yeTred Yawana yekutanga kupatsanura track, kambani icharamba ichichengetedza chinzvimbo chinotungamira chemugove wemusika uye vhoriyamu yekuchaja muna 2020, vhoriyamu yekuchaja yakapfuura 2.7 bhiriyoni madhigirii gore rapfuura, chiyero chekukura kwemukomboni wemakore mana achangopfuura i126%, inoshandisa 17,000 yekuchaja zviteshi. Pakazosvika Chikunguru 2021, huwandu hwemapombi emagetsi everuzhinji aishandiswa nemafoni akakosha akasvika 223,000, chinzvimbo chekutanga pakati pevashandisi vese. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yekuchaja yakasvikawo 375 miriyoni KWH, ichimira pekutanga pakati pevashandisi vese, uye kutora kutungamira kuri pachena. Mhedzisiro yekutanga yeTrid yekuchaja network yave kutanga kuratidza. Tered akamboburitsa chiziviso chekuti kufona kwakakosha kuburikidza nekuunzwa kwe capital capital ploIS, mari yesimba renyika, iyo Three Gorges Group uye vamwe vane hunyanzvi vanoisa mari.
Pakupera kwaChikumi 2021, kwaive ne95,500 yeruzhinji yekuchaja mirwi uye 1,064,200 yakavanzika yekuchaja mirwi (yaive nemotokari) muChina, inokwana zviuru zviviri nemazana mashanu emamiriyoni. Huyero hwemotokari kumurwi (" mota "inoverengerwa zvinoenderana nesimba idzva rekubata muna Chikumi 2021) i3, iri pasi pehuwandu hwekuchaja mirwi muna 2020 muDevelopment Guide ye4.8 miriyoni. Chiyero chemurwi wemotokari kusvika 1.04 ichiri gaka rakakura, rinosungirwa kukurumidza kumhanya kwekuvaka.
Nekuda kwehunhu hwekuchaja mirwi yemidziyo pachayo kune mota nyowani dzemagetsi (yakachena yemagetsi BEV uye plug-in HYBRID PHEV) yekuwedzera magetsi emagetsi mudziyo, saka pfungwa yekukura yekuchaja indasitiri yemurwi ndeyekutevera mota nyowani dzesimba. Nekukura kwemuridzi wemotokari nyowani dzesimba, muridzi wemirwi yekuchaja ichawedzerawo, ine coefficient coefficient ye0.9976, inoratidza kuwirirana kwakasimba. Muhafu yekutanga yegore rino, huwandu hwepasirese hwekutengesa huwandu hwemotokari itsva dzevatyairi hwasvika 2,546,800, iyo yasvika 78.6% yegore rose muna 2020, ichiverengera 6.3% yemusika wepasi rose wemotokari. Nguva yekumhanyisa uye huwandu hwemotokari dzemagetsi yasvika, uye mirwi yekuchaja inofanirwa kufambirana nayo.
