Mawu Oyamba
Pamene dziko likupita ku tsogolo loyera, lobiriwira, kutchuka kwa magalimoto amagetsi (EVs) kukukula kwambiri kuposa kale lonse. Kuti mukwaniritse kufunikira kowonjezereka kwa ma EVs, njira yolipirira yolimba ndiyofunikira. Izi zadzetsa kukula kwa opanga ma charger a EV ndi ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsira ntchito malo opangira ma EV ndikukonza zida zolipirira. Kusamalira nthawi zonse kumatsimikizira kuti ma charger akugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha nthawi yocheperako komanso kupewa kukonzanso kokwera mtengo. M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana za mtengo wosungira ma charger a EV ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mtengo wokonza.
Mtengo Wokonza Chaja ya EV
Mtengo wosamalira charger ya EV zimatengera zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza mtundu wa charger, zovuta zamakina othamangitsira, kuchuluka kwa malo othamangitsira, komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Apa, tisanthula chilichonse mwazinthu izi mwatsatanetsatane.
Mtundu wa Charger
Mtundu wa charger umakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakuzindikira mtengo wokonza. Pali mitundu itatu ya ma EV charger: Level 1, Level 2, ndi DC Fast Charging (DCFC).
Ma charger a Level 1 ndiye mtundu wofunikira kwambiri wa ma charger, ndipo adapangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 120-volt wamba. Ma charger a Level 1 nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakulipiritsa magalimoto amagetsi usiku wonse ndipo amakhala ndi chiwongola dzanja chachikulu cha 1.4 kilowatts. Mtengo wokonza charger wa Level 1 ndi wotsika, popeza palibe zida zosuntha zomwe zingathe kapena kusweka.
Ma charger a Level 2 ndi amphamvu kwambiri kuposa ma charger a Level 1, okhala ndi chiwongola dzanja chachikulu cha 7.2 kilowatts. Amafuna chotulutsa cha 240-volt ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ogulitsa ndi anthu onse. Mtengo wokonza chojambulira cha Level 2 ndi wapamwamba kuposa chaja cha Level 1, popeza pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudzidwa, monga chingwe cholipirira ndi cholumikizira.
Masiteshoni a DC Fast Charging (DCFC) ndiye ma charger amphamvu kwambiri a EV, okhala ndi chiwongola dzanja chokwanira mpaka 350 kilowatts. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo opumira mumsewu waukulu ndi malo ena omwe kuli kofunikira kulipira mwachangu. Mtengo wokonza siteshoni ya DCFC ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa chaja ya Level 1 kapena Level 2, popeza pali zigawo zambiri zomwe zimakhudzidwa, kuphatikizapo zida zamphamvu kwambiri komanso makina oziziritsa.
Kuvuta kwa Charging System
Kuvuta kwa kayendetsedwe ka ndalama ndi chinthu china chomwe chimakhudza mtengo wokonza. Njira zolipirira zosavuta, monga zopezeka mu ma charger a Level 1, ndizosavuta kuzisamalira komanso zimakhala zotsika mtengo. Komabe, makina ochapira ovuta kwambiri, monga omwe amapezeka m'masiteshoni a DCFC, amafunikira kukonza nthawi zonse komanso amakhala ndi ndalama zowongolera.
Mwachitsanzo, masiteshoni a DCFC ali ndi makina ozizirira ovuta omwe amafunikira kukonza pafupipafupi kuti ma charger agwire ntchito bwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, masiteshoni a DCFC amafunikira kuyendera ndikuyesa pafupipafupi kuti zitsimikizire kuti zida zamphamvu kwambiri zikugwira ntchito moyenera.
Nambala Yamalo Olipirira
Kuchuluka kwa malo opangira ndalama kumakhudzanso mtengo wokonza. Malo ochapira amodzi amakhala ndi ndalama zochepetsera zokonza kusiyana ndi netiweki yolipirira yokhala ndi masiteshoni angapo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa maukonde a malo ochapira amafunikira kukonza ndi kuyang'anitsitsa kuti masiteshoni onse agwire bwino ntchito.
Kawirikawiri Kagwiritsidwe
Kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi chinthu china chomwe chimakhudza mtengo wokonza. Malo ochapira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi amafunikira chisamaliro chochulukirapo kuposa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa zinthu zomwe zili mu siteshoni yolipirira zimatha msanga mukamagwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi.
Mwachitsanzo, chojambulira cha Level 2 chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo patsiku chingafunike kusintha ma chingwe ndi zolumikizira pafupipafupi kuposa chojambulira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi patsiku.
Ntchito Zokonza za EV Charger
Ntchito zokonza zomwe zimafunikira pa ma charger a EV zimatengera mtundu wa charger komanso zovuta zamakina opangira. Nazi zina mwazokonza zodziwika bwino zama charger a EV:
Kuyang'anira Zowoneka
Kuyang'ana kowonekera nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kuti muwone kuwonongeka kulikonse kapena kuvala kwa zida zolipirira. Izi zikuphatikiza kuyang'ana zingwe zolipirira, zolumikizira, ndi nyumba zapa station.
Kuyeretsa
Malo opangira ndalama aziyeretsedwa pafupipafupi kuti atsimikizire kuti akugwira ntchito bwino. Izi zikuphatikiza kuyeretsa zingwe zolipirira, zolumikizira, ndi nyumba zapacharge station. Dothi ndi zinyalala zimatha kusokoneza njira yolipiritsa, kuchepetsa liwiro la kulipiritsa komanso kuchita bwino.
Kusintha Chingwe ndi Cholumikizira
Zingwe ndi zolumikizira zimatha kung'ambika ndipo zingafunike kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Izi ndizowona makamaka pama charger a Level 2 ndi masiteshoni a DCFC, omwe ali ndi makina ochapira ovuta kwambiri. Kuyendera pafupipafupi kungathandize kuzindikira zingwe zotha kapena zowonongeka ndi zolumikizira zomwe zimafunikira kusinthidwa.
Kuyesa ndi Kuyesa
Ma charger a EV amafunikira kuyezetsa pafupipafupi ndikuwongolera kuti atsimikizire kuti akugwira ntchito moyenera. Izi zikuphatikiza kuyesa liwiro la kulipiritsa komanso kuchita bwino, kuyang'ana zolakwika zilizonse, ndikuwongolera zida zolipirira ngati pakufunika.
Zosintha za Mapulogalamu
Ma charger a EV ali ndi mapulogalamu omwe amafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi kuti atsimikizire kuti akugwira ntchito moyenera. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukonzanso firmware, madalaivala a mapulogalamu, ndi pulogalamu yoyendetsera malo opangira.
Kusamalira Kuteteza
Kukonzekera kodziletsa kumaphatikizapo kukonzanso nthawi zonse pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa zida ndi kutalikitsa moyo wa malo opangira ndalama. Izi zikuphatikiza kusintha zinthu zakale kapena zowonongeka, kuyeretsa poyimitsa, ndikuyesa kuthamanga kwacharge ndi mphamvu zake.
Zomwe Zimakhudza Mtengo Wokonza
Kuphatikiza pa mtundu wa charger, zovuta zamakina othamangitsira, kuchuluka kwa malo othamangitsira, komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito, palinso zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza mtengo wokonza ma charger a EV. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
Chitsimikizo
Chitsimikizo choperekedwa ndi wopanga ma charger amatha kukhudza mtengo wokonza. Ma charger omwe ali pansi pa chitsimikizo amatha kukhala ndi ndalama zochepetsera zokonza popeza zigawo zina zitha kutetezedwa pansi pa chitsimikizo.
Zaka za Charger
Ma charger akale angafunike kukonza zambiri kuposa ma charger atsopano. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma charger akale amatha kung'ambika kwambiri pazigawo zake, ndipo zolowa m'malo zimakhala zovuta kuzipeza.
Malo a Charger
Malo opangira ndalama angakhudzenso mtengo wokonza. Ma charger omwe amakhala m'malo ovuta, monga madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena madera omwe kutentha kwambiri, angafunike kukonza kwambiri kuposa omwe ali m'malo osatentha kwambiri.
Wopereka Zokonza
Wothandizira wosankhidwa angakhudzenso mtengo wokonza. Othandizira osiyanasiyana amapereka ma phukusi osiyanasiyana osamalira, ndipo mtengo wake ukhoza kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa.
Mapeto
Pomaliza, mtengo wosamalira ma charger a EV zimatengera zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza mtundu wa charger, zovuta zamakina othamangitsira, kuchuluka kwa malo othamangitsira, komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Kusamalira nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kuti malo opangira ndalama azigwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha nthawi yocheperako komanso kukonzanso kokwera mtengo. Ngakhale mtengo wokonza ukhoza kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi zomwe takambirana pamwambapa, kukonza zodzitetezera kungathandize kuchepetsa ndalama zonse zokonzetsera ndikutalikitsa moyo wa malo olipira. Pomvetsetsa mtengo wokonza ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mtengowu, oyendetsa ma charger a EV amatha kuwonetsetsa kuti malo awo othamangitsira akugwira ntchito bwino komanso motsika mtengo, kumathandizira kufunikira kwa magalimoto amagetsi.