Zochitika zanyengo zaposachedwa zawonetsa kuwonongeka kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi (EV), zomwe zidasiya eni ake ambiri a EV akusowa mwayi woti azilipiritsa. Kutengera nyengo zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira komanso zovuta kwambiri, eni magalimoto amagetsi (EV) akukumana ndi zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo chifukwa kudalira kwawo ma charger a EV kumawunikiridwa.
Zotsatira za nyengo yoopsa pa ma charger a EV zawonetsa zovuta zingapo:
- Mphamvu ya Grid Yamagetsi: Pamatenthedwe otentha, kufunikira kwa magetsi kumakwera chifukwa eni ake a EV komanso ogula wamba amadalira kwambiri makina oziziritsira mpweya ndi kuziziritsa. Kupsyinjika kowonjezera pa gridi yamagetsi kungayambitse kuzimitsidwa kwa magetsi kapena kutsika kwacharge, zomwe zimakhudza malo opangira ma EV omwe amadalira magetsi.
- Kuwonongeka kwa Malo Olipiritsa: Mkuntho wamphamvu komanso kusefukira kwa madzi kumatha kuwononga malo ochapira komanso zida zozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asagwire ntchito mpaka kukonzanso kumalizidwe. Nthawi zina, kuwonongeka kwakukulu kungayambitse nthawi yayitali komanso kuchepetsa kupezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito EV.
- Kuchulukirachulukira kwa Infrastructure: M'madera omwe kutengera kwa EV ndikokwera, malo ochapira amatha kukhala ndi anthu ambiri pakagwa nyengo. Eni eni ambiri a EV akakumana pamalipiritsa ochepa, nthawi yayitali yodikirira komanso malo othamangitsira odzaza amakhala osapeweka.
- Kuchepetsa Kugwira Ntchito kwa Battery: Kutentha kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali, kaya kuzizira kapena kutentha kwambiri, kumatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a mabatire a EV. Izi, nazonso, zimakhudza njira yonse yolipirira komanso kuchuluka kwa magalimoto.
Malingana ndi kuopsa kwa vuto la nyengo yoopsa chaka ndi chaka, anthu ochulukirapo ayamba kuganizira za momwe angatetezere chilengedwe, kuchepetsa mpweya, ndi kuchepetsa chitukuko cha nyengo yoipa, poganiza kuti athe kufulumizitsa njira yachitukuko yamagalimoto amagetsi ndi zida zawo zolipirira, kuti athetse zovuta zomwe zilipo pakulipiritsa magalimoto amagetsi panyengo yovuta.
Magetsi Ogawidwa: Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) amatanthauza matekinoloje amphamvu komanso osiyanasiyana omwe amapanga, kusunga, ndi kusamalira mphamvu pafupi ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zidazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala mkati kapena pafupi ndi malo omwe anthu amagwiritsira ntchito mapeto, kuphatikizapo nyumba, malonda, ndi mafakitale. Pophatikizira ma DER mu gridi yamagetsi, mtundu wamba wopangira magetsi wapakati umaphatikizidwa ndikuwongoleredwa, ndikupereka zabwino zambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito magetsi komanso gridi yomwe. Mphamvu zogawidwa, makamaka ma sola, nthawi zambiri zimatengera mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso monga kuwala kwa dzuwa. Mwa kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwawo, gawo la mphamvu zoyera komanso zokhazikika pakusakanikirana kwamphamvu kumawonjezeka. Izi zikugwirizana ndi zoyesayesa zapadziko lonse zochepetsera kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha komanso kuthana ndi kusintha kwanyengo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zogawidwa, mongamapanelo a dzuwa ndi machitidwe osungira mphamvu, ikhoza kuthandizira kuchepetsa kupsinjika pa gridi panthawi yomwe ikufunika kwambiri komanso kusunga ntchito zolipiritsa panthawi yamagetsi. Malo oyatsira okhala ndi ma solar photovoltaic panels.
Zomangidwa molunjika pamipata ya EV, mapanelo a solar photovoltaic amatha kupanga magetsi pakulipiritsa magalimoto komanso kupereka mthunzi ndi kuziziritsa magalimoto oyimitsidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mapanelo adzuwa amathanso kukulitsidwa kuti aphimbe malo owonjezera oimikapo magalimoto wamba.
Ubwino wake ndi monga kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha, kutsika kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito kwa eni siteshoni, ndi kutsika kwa mphamvu pa gridi yamagetsi, makamaka akaphatikiza ndi kusunga batire. Akuseweranso pamtengo ndi fanizo la nkhalango, wopanga Neville Mars amapatuka pamapangidwe anthawi zonse a malo ochapira ndi masamba ake a PV omwe amatuluka pa thunthu lapakati.29 Pansi pa thunthu lililonse pali polowera magetsi. Chitsanzo cha biomimicry, mapulaneti a dzuwa ooneka ngati masamba amatsatira njira ya dzuŵa ndipo amapereka shading kwa magalimoto oyimitsidwa, onse a EV ndi ochiritsira. Ngakhale mtundu udawonetsedwa mu 2009, mtundu wathunthu sunapangidwebe.
Smart Charging and Load Management: Smart Charging and Load Management ndi njira yotsogola yoyendetsera kuyendetsa magalimoto amagetsi (EVs) yomwe imathandizira ukadaulo, data, ndi njira zoyankhulirana kuti ziwongolere ndikuwongolera kufunikira kwa magetsi pagululi. Njirayi ikufuna kugawa bwino katundu wolipiritsa, kupewa kuchulukitsitsa kwa gridi panthawi yovuta kwambiri, komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azikhala okhazikika komanso okhazikika. Kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje opangira ma charger anzeru komanso makina owongolera katundu amatha kukulitsa macharidwe azinthu ndikugawa zolipiritsa bwino kwambiri, kuletsa kuchulukitsitsa panthawi yokwera kwambiri. Dynamic Load Balancing ndi mawonekedwe omwe amayang'anira kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mphamvu mudera ndikugawa zokha mphamvu zomwe zilipo pakati pa Katundu Wapanyumba kapena Ma EV. Imasintha kutulutsa kwa magalimoto amagetsi malinga ndi kusintha kwa katundu wamagetsi. Magalimoto angapo omwe amalipira pamalo amodzi nthawi imodzi amatha kupanga ma spikes amagetsi okwera mtengo. Kugawana mphamvu kumathetsa vuto la kulipiritsa nthawi imodzi kwa magalimoto ambiri amagetsi pamalo amodzi. Chifukwa chake, ngati sitepe yoyamba, mumagawaniza malo oyitanitsa omwe amatchedwa dera la DLM. Kuti muteteze gridi, mutha kuyiyika malire amagetsi.
Pamene dziko likupitilizabe kulimbana ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa nyengo, kulimbikitsa zida za charger za AC EV motsutsana ndi zochitika zanyengo kumakhala ntchito yofunika. Maboma, makampani othandizira, ndi mabungwe azinsinsi akuyenera kugwirira ntchito limodzi kuti agwiritse ntchito ndalama zolipirira ma network okhazikika ndikuthandizira kusintha kwa mayendedwe obiriwira komanso okhazikika.