Ntau npaum li cas Charging Connector Standards thoob ntiaj teb?

Obviously, BEV yog tus qauv ntawm lub zog tshiab pib-kev lag luam .Vim cov teeb meem roj teeb tsis tuaj yeem daws tau hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, cov chaw them nqi tau dav siv los tawm hauv lub tsheb muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntawm kev them nyiaj .Charging connector raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov chaw them nqi. , sib txawv los ntawm cov teb chaws, twb tau ntsib qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Ntawm no, peb xav txheeb cov qauv ntawm connector thoob ntiaj teb.

Ua ke

Combo tso cai rau kom them qeeb thiab nrawm, nws yog qhov siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov teb chaws Europe, suav nrog Audi, BMW, Chrysler, Daimler, Ford, GM, Porsche, Volkswagen tau nruab nrog SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) them interface.

Hnub 2^ndLub Kaum Hli, 2012, SAE J1772 thim rov qab uas tau xaiv los ntawm cov tswv cuab cuam tshuam ntawm pawg SAE, dhau los ua tus qauv DC nkaus xwb hauv ntiaj teb. Raws li kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm J1772, Combo Connector yog tus qauv tseem ceeb ntawm DC them ceev ceev.

Cov yav dhau los version (formulated in2010) ntawm tus qauv no tau teev cov specification ntawm J1772 connector siv rau AC them. Lub connector no tau siv dav, sib xws nrog Nissan Leaf, Chevrolet Volt thiab Mitsubishi i-MiEV.While lub tshiab version, ntxiv rau muaj tag nrho cov qub zog, nrog rau ob tug ntxiv pins, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau DC ceev them, tsis tau. tau tshaj BEVs qub uas tsim tam sim no.

Qhov zoo: qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Combo Connector yog automaker tsuas yog xav tau adpat ib lub qhov (socket) uas muaj peev xwm rau DC thiab AC, them nyiaj ntawm ob qhov sib txawv.

Disadvantage: Fast charging hom xav tau lub chaw nres tsheb them nyiaj kom muab tau txog 500 V thiab 200 A.

Tesla

Tesla muaj nws tus kheej them tus qauv, uas lees tias nws tuaj yeem them ntau dua 300 KM hauv 30 feeb. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm nws lub qhov (socket) tuaj yeem ncav cuag 120kW, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no 80A.

Tesla muaj 908 teeb tsa super charging chaw nres tsheb hauv Asmeskas tam sim no. Txhawm rau nkag mus rau hauv Tuam Tshoj ua lag luam, Nws muaj 7sets Super charging chaw nyob hauv Shanghai (3), Beijing (2), Hangzhou (1), Shenzhen (1). Dhau li ntawd, txhawm rau ua kom zoo dua nrog cov cheeb tsam, Tesla npaj yuav tshem tawm kev tswj hwm ntawm nws cov qauv them nqi thiab txais yuav cov qauv hauv zos, nws twb ua nyob rau hauv Suav teb.

Advantage: advanced technology nrog high charging efficiency.

Disadvantage: Contrary to txhua lub teb chaws tus qauv, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau nce kev muag khoom yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam; yog hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam, cov nqi them nqi yuav raug txo.Lawv nyob rau hauv ib qho teeb meem.

CCS (Combined Charging System)

Ford, General Motors, Chrysler, Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen thiab Porsche tau pib "Combined Charging System" hauv 2012 hauv kev rau siab los hloov cov qauv tsis meej pem rau cov chaw nres nkoj them. "Combined Charging System" lossis hu ua CCS.

CCS sib koom ua ke tag nrho cov kev them nyiaj tam sim no, nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, nws tuaj yeem them ib theem ac them, ceev 3 theem ac them, siv nyob hauv DC them thiab super-ceev DC them nrog ib qho interface.

Tsuas yog SAE, ACEA (European Automobile Manufacturers Association) tau txais CCS ua DC / AC charging interface thiab. Nws yog siv rau tag nrho cov PEV nyob teb chaws Europe los ntawm lub xyoo 2017.Vim lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Tuam Tshoj koom ua ke cov qauv ntawm hluav taws xob tsheb, Tuam Tshoj tau koom rau hauv no system ib yam nkaus, nws tau muab unprecedented lub sij hawm rau Suav EV. ZINORO 1E, Audi A3e-tron, BAIC E150EV, BMW i3, DENZA, Volkswagen E-UP, Changan EADO thiab SMART tag nrho yog "CCS" tus qauv.

Qhov zoo: 3 German automakers: BMW, Daimler thiab Volkswagen - yuav nce lawv cov peev hauv Suav EV, CCS cov qauv yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau Tuam Tshoj.

Qhov tsis zoo: kev muag khoom ntawm EV uas tau txais kev txhawb nqa CCS tus qauv yog me me lossis tsuas yog tuaj rau hauv khw.

CHADEMO

CHAdeMO yog cov ntawv luv ntawm CHArge de Move, nws yog lub qhov (socket) txhawb nqa los ntawm Nissan thiab Mitsubishi. ChadeMO txhais los ntawm Nyij Pooj, lub ntsiab lus yog "Ua lub sijhawm them luv luv li tshuaj yej so". Qhov no DC lub qhov hluav taws xob ceev ceev tuaj yeem muab qhov siab tshaj plaws 50KW them lub peev xwm.

EVs uas txhawb nqa tus qauv no suav nrog: Nissan Leaf, Mitsubishi Outlander PEV, Citroen C-ZERO, Peugeot Ion, Citroen Berlingo, Peugeot Partner, Mitsubishi i-MiEV, Mitsubishi MINICAB-MiEV, Mitsubishi MINICAB-MiEV tsheb, Honda FIT EV, Mazda DEMIOEV, Subaru Stella PEV, Nissan Eev200 thiab lwm yam. Nco ntsoov tias Nissan Leaf thiab Mitsubishi i-MiEV ob leeg muaj ob lub qhov (socket) sib txawv, ib qho yog J1772 uas yog Combo connector hauv thawj ntu, lwm qhov yog CHAdeMO.

CHAdeMO kev them nyiaj yog qhia raws li daim duab hauv qab no, tam sim no yog tswj los ntawm CAN tsheb npav teeb liab. Qhov ntawd yog hais tias, thaum saib xyuas cov teeb meem roj teeb, xam qhov tam sim no lub charger xav tau nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab xa cov ntawv ceeb toom rau charger ntawm CAN, lub charger tau txais cov lus txib ntawm tam sim no los ntawm lub tsheb tam sim no, thiab muab lub them tam sim no raws li.

Los ntawm kev tswj hwm roj teeb, lub roj teeb lub cev raug saib xyuas thaum lub sijhawm tam sim no tswj tau raws sijhawm, uas ua tiav cov haujlwm uas xav tau rau kev them nyiaj ceev thiab nyab xeeb, thiab xyuas kom meej tias kev them nyiaj tsis txwv los ntawm lub roj teeb ntau yam. Muaj 1154 qhov chaw them nyiaj tuaj siv uas tau teeb tsa raws li CHAdeMO hauv Nyij Pooj. CHAdeMO them chaw nres tsheb tau dav siv nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas ib yam nkaus, muaj 1344 AC ceev them chaw nres tsheb raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshiab los ntawm US Department of Energy.

Advantage: Tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv tswj kab, CHAdeMO txais yuav tsheb npav CAN kev sib txuas lus, vim tias nws zoo tshaj los tiv thaiv lub suab nrov thiab muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau qhov yuam kev, nws yog kev sib txuas lus ruaj khov thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab. Nws cov ntaub ntawv zoo them nyiaj ruaj ntseg tau lees paub los ntawm kev lag luam.

Qhov tsis zoo: qhov pib tsim rau cov zis hluav taws xob yog 100KW, lub ntsaws ntsaws yog hnyav heev, lub zog hauv lub tsheb tsuas yog 50KW.

GB / T20234

Tuam Tshoj tso tawm Plugs, Socket-outlets, tsheb couplers thiab lub tsheb inlets rau conductive them ntawm hluav taws xob tsheb-General yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv 2006 (GB / T20234-2006), tus qauv no qhia txog txoj kev sib txuas hom rau 16A, 32A, 250A AC them tam sim no thiab 400A DC them tam sim no Nws feem ntau yog raws li tus qauv ntawm International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) hauv xyoo 2003. Tab sis tus qauv no tsis txhais cov naj npawb ntawm cov pins txuas, lub cev loj thiab qhov cuam tshuam rau kev them nyiaj interface.

Xyoo 2011, Tuam Tshoj tau tshaj tawm tus qauv pom zoo GB / T20234-2011, hloov qee cov ntsiab lus ntawm GB / T20234-2006, nws hais tias AC ntsuas voltage yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 690V, zaus 50Hz, ntsuas tam sim no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 250A; Rated DC voltage yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 1000V thiab ntsuas tam sim no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 400A.

Advantage: Piv nrog 2006 Version GB / T, nws tau ntsuas cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm kev them nyiaj interface.

Disadvantage: tus qauv tseem tsis meej. Nws yog tus qauv pom zoo, tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua.

New Generation "Chaoji" Charging System

Xyoo 2020, Tuam Tshoj Lub Tuam Txhab Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob thiab Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo CHAdeMO tau sib koom ua ke "Chaoji" kev tsim kho kev tsim kho txoj kev tshawb fawb, thiab nthuav tawm Daim Ntawv Dawb ntawm "Chaoji" Conductive Charging Technology rau Hluav Taws Xob Tsheb thiab CHAdeMO 3.0 tus qauv.

"Chaoji" charging system tuaj yeem sib xws rau ob qho tib si laus thiab tsim tshiab EV. Tsim ib qho kev tswj xyuas tshiab thiab kev taw qhia lub tswv yim, ntxiv rau lub zog ntawm lub teeb liab, thaum muaj kev txhaum tshwm sim, lub semaphore tuaj yeem siv los qhia rau lwm qhov kawg kom tau txais cov lus teb ceev ceev hauv lub sijhawm kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev them nyiaj. Tsim kom muaj tus qauv kev nyab xeeb rau tag nrho cov kab ke, Ua kom zoo rwb thaiv tsev saib xyuas kev ua tau zoo, txhais cov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb xws li I2T, Y capacitance, PE tus neeg xyuas pib xaiv, qhov siab tshaj plaws luv Circuit Court muaj peev xwm thiab PE hlau tawg. Lub caij no, rov ntsuam xyuas thiab rov tsim kho cov txheej txheem thermal tswj, tau npaj ib txoj kev sim rau kev them nyiaj txuas.

Lub "Chaoji" them nyiaj interface siv 7-pin kawg lub ntsej muag tsim nrog qhov hluav taws xob mus txog 1000 (1500) V thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no ntawm 600A.The "Chaoji" charging interface yog tsim los txo qhov loj me, txhim kho qhov haum thiab txo qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob loj kom ua tau raws li IPXXB kev nyab xeeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim cov ntawv qhia kev ntxig lub cev ua kom qhov tob tob ntawm lub hauv ntej kawg ntawm lub qhov (socket), raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ergonomics.

"Chaoji" charging system tsis yog tsuas yog lub zog them hluav taws xob nkaus xwb, tab sis cov txheej txheem DC them cov kev daws teeb meem rau EVs, suav nrog kev tswj thiab kev taw qhia Circuit Court, kev sib txuas lus raws tu qauv, tsim thiab sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas, kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev them nyiaj, kev tswj xyuas thermal hauv qab. Lub zog muaj zog, thiab lwm yam "Chaoji" charging system yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke rau lub ntiaj teb, kom tib lub tsheb hluav taws xob hauv ntau lub teb chaws tuaj yeem siv rau kev them nyiaj ntawm cov teb chaws sib xws.

Xaus

Niaj hnub no, vim qhov sib txawv ntawm EV hom, cov qauv siv cov khoom siv them nqi sib txawv, ib hom kev them nyiaj txuas tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li txhua tus qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob tshiab tseem tab tom ua kom paub tab. Cov chaw nres tsheb them nyiaj thiab kev them nqi txuas ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab tsim tsheb tseem tab tom ntsib cov teeb meem xws li kev tsim khoom tsis ruaj khov, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb, kev them nyiaj txawv txav, kev tsis sib haum ntawm lub tsheb thiab chaw nres tsheb, tsis muaj cov qauv ntsuas thiab lwm yam hauv kev siv tswv yim thiab kev laus ib puag ncig.

Niaj hnub no, automakers thoob ntiaj teb tau maj mam pom tias "tus qauv" yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho EVs. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov qauv kev them nyiaj thoob ntiaj teb tau maj mam hloov ntawm "kev sib txawv" mus rau "centralization". Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov qauv kev them nqi tiag tiag, ntxiv rau cov qauv sib txuas, cov qauv kev sib txuas lus tam sim no tseem xav tau. Lub qub yog hais txog seb qhov sib koom ua ke haum los yog tsis, thaum lub sij hawm tom kawg cuam tshuam seb lub ntsaws puas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog thaum tso. Tseem muaj txoj hauv kev ntev mus ua ntej them cov qauv rau EVs tau ua tiav tag nrho, thiab cov tuam txhab tsheb thiab tsoomfwv yuav tsum tau ua ntau dua los qhib lawv txoj haujlwm kom EVs kav ntev. Nws cia siab tias Tuam Tshoj ua tus thawj coj los txhawb "Chaoji" cov txheej txheem them nyiaj thev naus laus zis rau EVs yuav ua lub luag haujlwm ntau dua yav tom ntej.